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A biosensor for the direct visualization of auxin
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Journal Article
A biosensor for the direct visualization of auxin
2021
Overview
One of the most important regulatory small molecules in plants is indole-3-acetic acid, also known as auxin. Its dynamic redistribution has an essential role in almost every aspect of plant life, ranging from cell shape and division to organogenesis and responses to light and gravity
1
,
2
. So far, it has not been possible to directly determine the spatial and temporal distribution of auxin at a cellular resolution. Instead it is inferred from the visualization of irreversible processes that involve the endogenous auxin-response machinery
3
–
7
; however, such a system cannot detect transient changes. Here we report a genetically encoded biosensor for the quantitative in vivo visualization of auxin distribution. The sensor is based on the
Escherichia coli
tryptophan repressor
8
, the binding pocket of which is engineered to be specific to auxin. Coupling of the auxin-binding moiety with selected fluorescent proteins enables the use of a fluorescence resonance energy transfer signal as a readout. Unlike previous systems, this sensor enables direct monitoring of the rapid uptake and clearance of auxin by individual cells and within cell compartments in planta. By responding to the graded spatial distribution along the root axis and its perturbation by transport inhibitors—as well as the rapid and reversible redistribution of endogenous auxin in response to changes in gravity vectors—our sensor enables real-time monitoring of auxin concentrations at a (sub)cellular resolution and their spatial and temporal changes during the lifespan of a plant.
A genetically encoded sensor for the quantitative visualization of auxin distribution in plants enables real-time monitoring of its uptake and clearance by individual cells and within cellular compartments.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 14/10
/ 14/19
/ 14/33
/ 14/35
/ 14/63
/ 42
/ 42/35
/ 64
/ 82
/ 82/80
/ 82/83
/ Auxin
/ Binding
/ E coli
/ Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Indoleacetic Acids - analysis
/ Mutation
/ Plants, Genetically Modified
/ Protein Structure, Secondary
/ Proteins
/ Science
/ Sensors
