Journal Article

Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 supplementation reduces gastrointestinal dysfunction in an animal model of IBS

Brun, Paola, Castagliuolo, Ignazio, Marchiori, Chiara, Porzionato, Andrea, Caputi, Valentina, Palù, Giorgio, Sarasin, Gloria, Giron, Maria Cecilia, Scarpa, Melania

2017

Overview

We evaluated the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 on intestinal neuromuscular anomalies in an IBS-type mouse model of gastrointestinal motor dysfunctions elicited by Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) exposure. Mice were inoculated intranasally with HSV-1 (102 PFU) or vehicle at time 0 and 4 weeks later by the intragastric (IG) route (108 PFU). Six weeks after IG inoculum, mice were randomly allocated to receive oral gavage with either S. boulardii (107 CFU/day) or vehicle. After 4 weeks the following were determined: a) intestinal motility using fluorescein-isothiocyanate dextran distribution in the gut, fecal pellet expulsion, stool water content, and distal colonic transit of glass beads; b) integrity of the enteric nervous system (ENS) by immunohistochemistry on ileal whole-mount preparations and western blot of protein lysates from ileal longitudinal muscle and myenteric plexus; c) isometric muscle tension with electric field and pharmacological (carbachol) stimulation of ileal segments; and d) intestinal inflammation by levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-10 and IL-4. S. boulardii CNCM I-745 improved HSV-1 induced intestinal dysmotility and alteration of intestinal transit observed ten weeks after IG inoculum of the virus. Also, the probiotic yeast ameliorated the structural alterations of the ENS induced by HSV-1 (i.e., reduced peripherin immunoreactivity and expression, increased glial S100β protein immunoreactivity and neuronal nitric oxide synthase level, reduced substance P-positive fibers). Moreover, S. boulardii CNCM I-745 diminished the production of HSV-1 associated pro-inflammatory cytokines in the myenteric plexus and increased levels of anti-inflammatory interleukins. S. boulardii CNCM I-745 ameliorated gastrointestinal neuromuscular anomalies in a mouse model of gut dysfunctions typically observed with irritable bowel syndrome.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Analysis / Animal models / Animals / Anomalies / Beads / Biology and Life Sciences / Carbachol / Care and treatment / Colon / Colon - metabolism / Colon - microbiology / Colon - virology / Colony-forming cells / Constipation / Cytokines / Cytokines - metabolism / Dextran / Diarrhea - metabolism / Diarrhea - microbiology / Diarrhea - virology / Dietary supplements / Digestive tract / Disease Models, Animal / Dosage and administration / Enteric nervous system / Enteric Nervous System - metabolism / Enteric Nervous System - microbiology / Enteric Nervous System - virology / Expulsion / Feces / Fibers / Fluorescein / Gastric motility / Gastrointestinal diseases / Gastrointestinal Motility - drug effects / Gastrointestinal tract / Gene expression / Glass beads / Health aspects / Herpes Simplex - metabolism / Herpes Simplex - microbiology / Herpes Simplex - virology / Herpes simplex virus / Herpesvirus 1, Human - pathogenicity / Ileum - metabolism / Ileum - microbiology / Ileum - virology / Immunoglobulins / Immunohistochemistry / Infections / Inflammation / Inflammation - metabolism / Inflammation - microbiology / Inflammation - virology / Inoculum / Integrity / Interleukin 10 / Interleukin 4 / Interleukin-10 - metabolism / Interleukin-1beta - metabolism / Interleukin-4 - metabolism / Intestinal motility / Intestine / Irritable bowel syndrome / Irritable Bowel Syndrome - metabolism / Irritable Bowel Syndrome - microbiology / Irritable Bowel Syndrome - therapy / Irritable Bowel Syndrome - virology / Kinases / Lysates / Male / Medical research / Medicine / Medicine and Health Sciences / Mice / Mice, Inbred C57BL / Microorganisms / Moisture content / Muscle contraction / Muscles - metabolism / Muscles - microbiology / Muscles - virology / Myenteric Plexus - metabolism / Myenteric Plexus - microbiology / Myenteric Plexus - virology / Nervous system / Neuronal-glial interactions / Neurosciences / Nitric oxide / Peripherin / Pharmacology / Probiotics / Probiotics - pharmacology / Quality of life / Research and Analysis Methods / Saccharomyces boulardii / Saccharomyces boulardii - growth & development / Segments / Stimulation / Studies / Tension / Transit / Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism / Viral infections / Viruses / Water content / Yeast