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Clown-care reduces pain in children with cerebral palsy undergoing recurrent botulinum toxin injections- A quasi-randomized controlled crossover study
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Clown-care reduces pain in children with cerebral palsy undergoing recurrent botulinum toxin injections- A quasi-randomized controlled crossover study
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Clown-care reduces pain in children with cerebral palsy undergoing recurrent botulinum toxin injections- A quasi-randomized controlled crossover study
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Journal Article
Clown-care reduces pain in children with cerebral palsy undergoing recurrent botulinum toxin injections- A quasi-randomized controlled crossover study
2017
Overview
We investigated the impact of clown-care on pain in 45 children with cerebral palsy who underwent recurrent Botulinum-toxin injections (age 7.04± 4.68 years). Participants were randomized to receive either clown (n = 20) or standard (n = 25) -care.
Pain Visual-Analogue-Scale (range 1-5) was reported before and after procedures. Pain assessment was lower for children undergoing Botulinum-toxin injections with clown-care (2.89± 1.36) compared to standard-care (3.85± 1.39; p = 0.036) even though pain anticipated prior to procedures was similar (~3).
Children who underwent the first procedure with clown-care reported lower pain even after they crossed-over to the following procedure which was standard (p = 0.048). Carryover effect was more prominent in injection-naïve children (p = 0.019) and during multiple procedures (p = 0.009). Prior pain experience correlated with pain in subsequent procedures only when first experience was standard-care (p = 0.001).
Clown-care alleviated pain sensation during Botulinum-toxin injections and initial clown-care experience reduced pain during subsequent injections even though clowns were not present.
clinicaltrials.gov ID # NCT01377883.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Anxiety
/ Botulinum Toxins - administration & dosage
/ Cerebral Palsy - drug therapy
/ Cerebral Palsy - physiopathology
/ Child
/ Children
/ Clowning
/ Consent
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Infant
/ Israel
/ Male
/ Medicine and Health Sciences
/ Memory
/ Muscle Hypertonia - drug therapy
/ Muscle Hypertonia - physiopathology
/ Neuromuscular Agents - administration & dosage
/ Nursing
/ Pain
/ Research and Analysis Methods
/ Toxins
