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Houttuynia cordata Targets the Beginning Stage of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
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Houttuynia cordata Targets the Beginning Stage of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
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Journal Article
Houttuynia cordata Targets the Beginning Stage of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
2015
Overview
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a common latent virus in humans, causes certain severe diseases. Extensive use of acyclovir (ACV) results in the development of drug-resistant HSV strains, hence, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs to treat HSV infection. Houttuynia cordata (H. cordata), a natural herbal medicine, has been reported to exhibit anti-HSV effects which is partly NF-κB-dependent. However, the molecular mechanisms by which H. cordata inhibits HSV infection are not elucidated thoroughly. Here, we report that H. cordata water extracts (HCWEs) inhibit the infection of HSV-1, HSV-2, and acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 mainly via blocking viral binding and penetration in the beginning of infection. HCWEs also suppress HSV replication. Furthermore, HCWEs attenuate the first-wave of NF-κB activation, which is essential for viral gene expressions. Further analysis of six compounds in HCWEs revealed that quercetin and isoquercitrin inhibit NF-κB activation and additionally, quercetin also has an inhibitory effect on viral entry. These results indicate that HCWEs can inhibit HSV infection through multiple mechanisms and could be a potential lead for development of new drugs for treating HSV.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Animals
/ Antiviral Agents - isolation & purification
/ Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
/ Drug Resistance, Viral - drug effects
/ Drugs
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Viral - drug effects
/ Herpesvirus 1, Human - drug effects
/ Herpesvirus 1, Human - genetics
/ Herpesvirus 1, Human - metabolism
/ Herpesvirus 1, Human - physiology
/ Herpesvirus 2, Human - drug effects
/ Herpesvirus 2, Human - genetics
/ Herpesvirus 2, Human - metabolism
/ Herpesvirus 2, Human - physiology
/ HIV
/ Human immunodeficiency virus
/ Humans
/ Kinases
/ Plant Extracts - isolation & purification
/ Plant Extracts - pharmacology
/ Proteins
/ Traditional Chinese medicine
/ Viral Envelope Proteins - metabolism
/ Virus Internalization - drug effects
/ Virus Replication - drug effects
/ Viruses
