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Biotechnological Potential of Rhizospheric Bacillus Strains from Lonquimay, Chile, as Producers of Antimicrobial Biosurfactants
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Biotechnological Potential of Rhizospheric Bacillus Strains from Lonquimay, Chile, as Producers of Antimicrobial Biosurfactants
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Journal Article
Biotechnological Potential of Rhizospheric Bacillus Strains from Lonquimay, Chile, as Producers of Antimicrobial Biosurfactants
2026
Overview
Biosurfactants are surface-active microbial molecules with increasing industrial relevance as sustainable alternatives to synthetic surfactants. Among them, lipopeptides produced by
species, particularly surfactin, exhibit strong interfacial activity and biological functionality. In this study, rhizospheric soils from the La Araucanía region, Chile, were explored as a source of biosurfactant-producing bacteria. Eighteen strains were isolated, and two high-performing strains, Solo 1 and Solo 4, were identified as
and
, respectively. Both strains harbored the
gene and produced surfactin isoforms confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS. Kinetic analysis revealed distinct production profiles, with Solo 1 reaching a maximum of 90 mg L
at 24 h, whereas Solo 4 showed continuous production up to 224.4 mg L
at 72 h. Both biosurfactants exhibited high emulsification capacity (>80%) and stability across wide ranges of temperature, pH, and salinity. Importantly, cell-free supernatants from both strains showed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against
, with Solo 4 reaching 81% biofilm inhibition. In addition, surfactin-enriched extracts inhibited the pathogenic bacterium
and the filamentous fungus
, with Solo 4 consistently showing stronger antimicrobial performance. Overall, these findings identify Solo 4 as a promising native
strain for future development of biosurfactant-based systems aimed at antimicrobial control, biofilm management, agricultural pathogen suppression, surface sanitation, and environmentally compatible biotechnological processes.
Publisher
MDPI AG,Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Subject
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
/ Anti-Infective Agents - metabolism
/ Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology
/ Bacillus amyloliquefaciens - genetics
/ Bacillus amyloliquefaciens - metabolism
/ Bacillus subtilis - genetics
/ Bacillus subtilis - metabolism
/ Biofilms
/ Biomass
/ Biosurfactants - pharmacology
/ Chile
/ Fungi
/ Salinity
