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Origin of biogeographically distinct ecotypes during laboratory evolution
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Origin of biogeographically distinct ecotypes during laboratory evolution
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Journal Article
Origin of biogeographically distinct ecotypes during laboratory evolution
2024
Overview
Resource partitioning is central to the incredible productivity of microbial communities, including gigatons in annual methane emissions through syntrophic interactions. Previous work revealed how a sulfate reducer (
Desulfovibrio vulgaris
, Dv) and a methanogen (
Methanococcus maripaludis
, Mm) underwent evolutionary diversification in a planktonic context, improving stability, cooperativity, and productivity within 300–1000 generations. Here, we show that mutations in just 15 Dv and 7 Mm genes within a minimal assemblage of this evolved community gave rise to co-existing ecotypes that were spatially enriched within a few days of culturing in a fluidized bed reactor. The spatially segregated communities partitioned resources in the simulated subsurface environment, with greater lactate utilization by attached Dv but partial utilization of resulting H
2
by low affinity hydrogenases of Mm in the same phase. The unutilized H
2
was scavenged by high affinity hydrogenases of planktonic Mm, producing copious amounts of methane. Our findings show how a few mutations can drive resource partitioning amongst niche-differentiated ecotypes, whose interplay synergistically improves productivity of the entire mutualistic community.
Microbial communities drive all biogeochemical processes on Earth through spatiotemporal resource partitioning. This study shows how a few mutations in an evolved community can result in niche-differentiated ecotypes, whose interplay synergistically improves productivity of the interacting community across sediment and groundwater subpopulations.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
