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Vector competence re-evaluation of reared Glossina palpalis gambiensis for transmission of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei isolates for an experimental event
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Vector competence re-evaluation of reared Glossina palpalis gambiensis for transmission of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei isolates for an experimental event
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Vector competence re-evaluation of reared Glossina palpalis gambiensis for transmission of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei isolates for an experimental event
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Journal Article
Vector competence re-evaluation of reared Glossina palpalis gambiensis for transmission of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei isolates for an experimental event
2026
Overview
Background
Tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) are vectors of human and animal trypanosomes. The
Glossina palpalis gambiensis
Burkina Faso (BKF) colony, established in 1972 and rejuvenated once in 1981, is a long-standing closed colony used extensively for research and vector control. While its performance and competitiveness for sterile insect technique (SIT) programs are regularly monitored, its vector competence (VC) data are outdated. This study aimed to update the VC data of this 47-year-old colony (from the onset of experiment in 2019) against
Trypanosoma congolense
and
T. brucei brucei
in laboratory conditions using trypanosome clone and tsetse fly individuals from the BKF colony.
Methods
Vector competence was studied by infecting rats with
T. congolense
IL1180 and
T. b. brucei
BE8P2P2, on which tsetse flies received their first blood meal. Dissections were subsequently performed at different time intervals.
Results
Following experimental infections with
T. congolense
IL1180, 10.58% (20/189) of
G. p. gambiensis
developed mature infections (trypanosomes in the proboscis), resulting in an average VC index of 0.106. For
T. b. brucei
BE8P2P2, 4.21% (11/261) of flies developed mature infections (trypanosomes in the salivary glands), yielding an average VC index of 0.042.
Conclusions
The VC for
T. b. brucei
aligned with previous findings from 21 years ago, though a different trypanosome isolate was used at that time. However, using the same trypanosome strain, the observed competence for
T. congolense
was 4.8 times higher than previously reported. These results raise questions about the long-term effects of insectary rearing on VC, particularly in the absence of prolonged parasite exposure.
Graphical abstract
Publisher
BioMed Central,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Colonies
/ Female
/ Females
/ Flies
/ Glands
/ Glossina
/ Humans
/ Insect Vectors - parasitology
/ Insects
/ Ketamine
/ Male
/ Males
/ Microbiology and Parasitology
/ Protozoa
/ Rats
/ Trypanosoma brucei brucei - isolation & purification
/ Trypanosoma brucei brucei - physiology
/ Trypanosoma congolense - isolation & purification
/ Trypanosoma congolense - physiology
/ Trypanosomiasis, African - parasitology
/ Trypanosomiasis, African - transmission
/ Vectors
/ Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
/ Virology
