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Astrocyte-induced Cdk5 expedites breast cancer brain metastasis by suppressing MHC-I expression to evade immune recognition
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Astrocyte-induced Cdk5 expedites breast cancer brain metastasis by suppressing MHC-I expression to evade immune recognition
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Journal Article
Astrocyte-induced Cdk5 expedites breast cancer brain metastasis by suppressing MHC-I expression to evade immune recognition
2024
Overview
Brain metastases (BrMs) evade the immune response to develop in the brain, yet the mechanisms of BrM immune evasion remains unclear. This study shows that brain astrocytes induce the overexpression of neuronal-specific cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in breast cancer-derived BrMs, which facilitates BrM outgrowth in mice. Cdk5-overexpressing BrMs exhibit reduced expression and function of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) and antigen-presentation pathway, which are restored by inhibiting Cdk5 genetically or pharmacologically, as evidenced by single-cell RNA sequencing and functional studies. Mechanistically, Cdk5 suppresses MHC-I expression on the cancer cell membrane through the Irf2bp1–Stat1–importin α–Nlrc5 pathway, enabling BrMs to avoid recognition by T cells. Treatment with roscovitine—a clinically applicable Cdk5 inhibitor—alone or combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, significantly reduces BrM burden and increases tumour-infiltrating functional CD8
+
lymphocytes in mice. Thus, astrocyte-induced Cdk5 overexpression endorses BrM immune evasion, whereas therapeutically targeting Cdk5 markedly improves the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and inhibits BrM growth.
Yuzhalin et al. report that astrocyte-mediated upregulation of Cdk5 in metastatic breast cancer cells inhibits MHC-I expression on the cell surface, thereby enabling escape from killing by CD8
+
T cells and facilitating brain metastasis.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Animals
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Brain
/ Brain Neoplasms - immunology
/ Brain Neoplasms - metabolism
/ Breast Neoplasms - immunology
/ Breast Neoplasms - metabolism
/ Breast Neoplasms - pathology
/ CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
/ CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism
/ Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 - genetics
/ Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 - metabolism
/ Female
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
/ Histocompatibility Antigens Class I - genetics
/ Histocompatibility Antigens Class I - immunology
/ Histocompatibility Antigens Class I - metabolism
/ Humans
/ Immune checkpoint inhibitors
/ Kinases
/ Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - immunology
/ Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - metabolism
/ Major histocompatibility complex
/ Mice
