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Depth-dependent valence stratification driven by oxygen redox in lithium-rich layered oxide
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Depth-dependent valence stratification driven by oxygen redox in lithium-rich layered oxide
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Depth-dependent valence stratification driven by oxygen redox in lithium-rich layered oxide
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Journal Article
Depth-dependent valence stratification driven by oxygen redox in lithium-rich layered oxide
2020
Overview
Lithium-rich nickel-manganese-cobalt (LirNMC) layered material is a promising cathode for lithium-ion batteries thanks to its large energy density enabled by coexisting cation and anion redox activities. It however suffers from a voltage decay upon cycling, urging for an in-depth understanding of the particle-level structure and chemical complexity. In this work, we investigate the Li
1.2
Ni
0.13
Mn
0.54
Co
0.13
O
2
particles morphologically, compositionally, and chemically in three-dimensions. While the composition is generally uniform throughout the particle, the charging induces a strong depth dependency in transition metal valence. Such a valence stratification phenomenon is attributed to the nature of oxygen redox which is very likely mostly associated with Mn. The depth-dependent chemistry could be modulated by the particles’ core-multi-shell morphology, suggesting a structural-chemical interplay. These findings highlight the possibility of introducing a chemical gradient to address the oxygen-loss-induced voltage fade in LirNMC layered materials.
Lithium-rich layered material deserves in-depth understanding because it has large capacity enabled by both cation and anion activities. Here, authors apply 3D spectro-tomography with nano resolution to reveal the multi-layer morphology and depth-dependent transition metal valence distribution associated with oxygen redox.
