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Evaluation of needle trap micro-extraction and automatic alveolar sampling for point-of-care breath analysis
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Evaluation of needle trap micro-extraction and automatic alveolar sampling for point-of-care breath analysis
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Journal Article
Evaluation of needle trap micro-extraction and automatic alveolar sampling for point-of-care breath analysis
2013
Overview
Needle trap devices (NTDs) have shown many advantages such as improved detection limits, reduced sampling time and volume, improved stability, and reproducibility if compared with other techniques used in breath analysis such as solid-phase extraction and solid-phase micro-extraction. Effects of sampling flow (2–30 ml/min) and volume (10–100 ml) were investigated in dry gas standards containing hydrocarbons, aldehydes, and aromatic compounds and in humid breath samples. NTDs contained (single-bed) polymer packing and (triple-bed) combinations of divinylbenzene/Carbopack X/Carboxen 1000. Substances were desorbed from the NTDs by means of thermal expansion and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. An automated CO
2
-controlled sampling device for direct alveolar sampling at the point-of-care was developed and tested in pilot experiments. Adsorption efficiency for small volatile organic compounds decreased and breakthrough increased when sampling was done with polymer needles from a water-saturated matrix (breath) instead from dry gas. Humidity did not affect analysis with triple-bed NTDs. These NTDs showed only small dependencies on sampling flow and low breakthrough from 1–5 %. The new sampling device was able to control crucial parameters such as sampling flow and volume. With triple-bed NTDs, substance amounts increased linearly with increasing sample volume when alveolar breath was pre-concentrated automatically. When compared with manual sampling, automatic sampling showed comparable or better results. Thorough control of sampling and adequate choice of adsorption material is mandatory for application of needle trap micro-extraction in vivo. The new CO
2
-controlled sampling device allows direct alveolar sampling at the point-of-care without the need of any additional sampling, storage, or pre-concentration steps.
Publisher
Springer-Verlag,Springer,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ Breath Tests - instrumentation
/ Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
/ Chemistry and Materials Science
/ Devices
/ Drying
/ Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
/ Gases
/ Humans
/ Humidity
/ Methods
/ Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
/ Needles
/ Polymers
/ Pulmonary Alveoli - chemistry
/ Sampling
/ Solid Phase Microextraction - instrumentation
/ Solid Phase Microextraction - methods
/ VOCs
