Journal Article

Community barcoding reveals little effect of ocean acidification on the composition of coastal plankton communities: Evidence from a long-term mesocosm study in the Gullmar Fjord, Skagerrak

Nam, Bora, Horn, Henriette G., Achterberg, Eric P., Boersma, Maarten, Sharma, Rahul, Schmidt, Susanne I., Riebesell, Ulf, Langer, Julia A. F., Algueró-Muñiz, María, Schwenk, Klaus, Thines, Marco, Bahrdt, Sebastian

2017

Overview

The acidification of the oceans could potentially alter marine plankton communities with consequences for ecosystem functioning. While several studies have investigated effects of ocean acidification on communities using traditional methods, few have used genetic analyses. Here, we use community barcoding to assess the impact of ocean acidification on the composition of a coastal plankton community in a large scale, in situ, long-term mesocosm experiment. High-throughput sequencing resulted in the identification of a wide range of planktonic taxa (Alveolata, Cryptophyta, Haptophyceae, Fungi, Metazoa, Hydrozoa, Rhizaria, Straminipila, Chlorophyta). Analyses based on predicted operational taxonomical units as well as taxonomical compositions revealed no differences between communities in high CO2 mesocosms (~ 760 μatm) and those exposed to present-day CO2 conditions. Observed shifts in the planktonic community composition were mainly related to seasonal changes in temperature and nutrients. Furthermore, based on our investigations, the elevated CO2 did not affect the intraspecific diversity of the most common mesozooplankter, the calanoid copepod Pseudocalanus acuspes. Nevertheless, accompanying studies found temporary effects attributed to a raise in CO2. Differences in taxa composition between the CO2 treatments could, however, only be observed in a specific period of the experiment. Based on our genetic investigations, no compositional long-term shifts of the plankton communities exposed to elevated CO2 conditions were observed. Thus, we conclude that the compositions of planktonic communities, especially those in coastal areas, remain rather unaffected by increased CO2.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Abundance / Acidification / Agriculture / Algae / Alveolata - genetics / Alveolata - growth & development / Alveolata - metabolism / Analysis / Animal welfare / Bacteria / Bar codes / Biodiversity / Biological collections / Biological evolution / Biology and Life Sciences / Biomass / Biomonitoring / Biota / Calcification / Carbon dioxide / Carbon Dioxide - analysis / Chlorophyll - analysis / Chlorophyll A / Ciliates / Classification / Climate / Closed experimental ecosystems / Coastal zone / Community composition / Computer and Information Sciences / Consumers / Crustaceans / Cryptophyta - genetics / Cryptophyta - growth & development / Cryptophyta - metabolism / Data collection / Deoxyribonucleic acid / DNA / DNA - chemistry / DNA - isolation & purification / DNA - metabolism / DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Ecological function / Ecology / Ecosystems / Eggs / Environmental science / Evolution / Experiments / Feeding behavior / Fjords / Food / Frost / Fungi - genetics / Fungi - growth & development / Fungi - metabolism / High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Hydrozoa / Laboratories / Marine ecosystems / Microorganisms / Morphology / Next-generation sequencing / Nitrogen / Nutrient availability / Ocean acidification / Oceans / Oceans and Seas / Organisms / Physical Sciences / Phytoplankton / Plankton / Plankton - genetics / Plankton - growth & development / Plankton - metabolism / Plankton populations / Polyethylenes / Preservation / Research and Analysis Methods / RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - chemistry / RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - isolation & purification / RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - metabolism / Seawater / Sequence Analysis, DNA / Studies / Sweden / Taxa / Taxonomy / Temperature effects / Water analysis / Water column / Water depth