Journal Article

Evidence for Pleistocene low-angle normal faulting in the Annapurna-Dhaulagiri region, Nepal

Hodges, Kip V., Hurtado, Jose M., Whipple, Kelin X, McDermott, Jeni A., van Soest, Matthijs C.

2015

Overview

North-south-directed extension on the South Tibetan Fault System (STFS) played an important role in Himalayan tectonics of the Miocene Period, and it is generally assumed that orogen-perpendicular extension ceased in this orogenic system before the Pliocene. However, previous work in the Annapurna and Dhaulagiri Himalaya of central Nepal revealed evidence for local Pleistocene reactivation of the basal STFS structure in this area (the Annapurna Detachment). New structural mapping and (U-Th)/He apatite and zircon thermochronology in this region further document the significance of Pleistocene N-S extension in this sector of the Himalaya. Patterns of (U-Th)/He accessory-mineral ages are not disrupted across the reactivated segment of the STFS basal detachment, indicating that Pleistocene offset was limited. In contrast, the trace of a N-dipping, low-angle detachment in the hanging wall of the reactivated Annapurna Detachment—formerly linked to the STFS, but here named the Dhaulagiri Detachment—coincides with an abrupt break in the cooling-age pattern in two different drainages ∼20 km apart, juxtaposing Miocene hanging-wall dates against Pleistocene footwall dates. Our observations, combined with previous fission-track data from the region, provide direct evidence for significant N-S extension in the central Himalaya as recently as the Pleistocene.

• Publisher: University of Chicago Press,University of Chicago, acting through its Press
• Subject: (U-Th)/He / absolute age / Accessories / accessory minerals / Annapurna Nepal / Apatite / Apatites / Asia / Bedrock / Break in / Cenozoic / central Nepal / Cooling / dates / Detachment / Dhaulagiri Nepal / Drainage / exhumation / extension faults / Fault lines / faults / fission tracks / foot wall / Footwalls / Geologic exhumation / Geological time / Himalayas / Indian Peninsula / low-angle faults / Mapping / Massifs / Minerals / Miocene / Mountains / Neogene / neotectonics / Nepal / nesosilicates / normal faults / observations / orogeny / orthosilicates / patterns / phosphates / Plate tectonics / Pleistocene / Quaternary / rates / reactivation / Schist / Segments / Shear zones / silicates / South Tibetan fault system / Structural geology / Tectonics / Tertiary / thermochronology / Topographical elevation / Valleys / zircon / zircon group