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O-GlcNAc transferase plays dual antiviral roles by integrating innate immunity and lipid metabolism
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Journal Article
O-GlcNAc transferase plays dual antiviral roles by integrating innate immunity and lipid metabolism
2025
Overview
Viral infection induces robust reprogramming of metabolic pathways in host cells. However, whether host metabolic enzymes detect viral components remains unknown. Our group and others previously identified
O
-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), an important glucose metabolic enzyme, as a crucial mediator of the antiviral immune responses. Here, by studying a mouse model with a catalytically impaired OGT, we discover a catalytic activity-independent function of OGT in restraining influenza A virus (IAV) infection in addition to its catalytic activity-dependent effect on MAVS-mediated antiviral immunity. Biochemical studies reveal a critical antiviral effect based on OGT interacting with IAV genomic RNA that requires its N-terminal tetracopeptide repeat-4 motif. This interaction causes the translocation of nuclear OGT to cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs) to destabilize LDs-coating perilipin 2, thereby limiting LDs accumulation and in turn virus replication. In sum, our findings reveal OGT as a multifaceted metabolic sensor that integrates MAVS signaling and lipid metabolism to combat viral infection.
O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) mediates antiviral host immune response. Here, the authors identify a catalytic activity-independent function of OGT in restraining influenza A virus replication by translocating to lipid droplets and limiting their accumulation following interaction with viral RNA.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 14/19
/ 38
/ 38/77
/ 38/88
/ 38/90
/ 82/80
/ 82/83
/ Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Droplets
/ Genes
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Influenza A virus - genetics
/ Influenza A virus - immunology
/ Influenza A virus - physiology
/ Kinases
/ Lipid Metabolism - immunology
/ Lipids
/ Mice
/ N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases - genetics
/ N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases - immunology
/ N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases - metabolism
/ Orthomyxoviridae Infections - immunology
/ Orthomyxoviridae Infections - virology
/ Proteins
/ Science
/ Viruses
