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Self-actuated probiotic-nanozyme hybrid system with mucus penetration, biofilm eradication and microbiota regulation for Helicobacter pylori infection
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Self-actuated probiotic-nanozyme hybrid system with mucus penetration, biofilm eradication and microbiota regulation for Helicobacter pylori infection
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Journal Article
Self-actuated probiotic-nanozyme hybrid system with mucus penetration, biofilm eradication and microbiota regulation for Helicobacter pylori infection
2026
Overview
Helicobacter pylori
(
H. pylori
) infection has emerged as a serious risk factor for global human health. Current antibiotic-based clinical eradication therapies still have many challenges, including inadequate drug permeability across the gastric mucus barrier,
H. pylori
biofilm-induced antibiotic resistance and recurrent infections, as well as gut dysbacteriosis. Herein, we report a probiotic-nanozyme hybrid system (LP@FeTA/CuPt), which is formed by coupling polyphenol-coated
Lactobacillus plantarum
(LP@FeTA) and CuPt nanozymes. LP@FeTA effectively penetrates the gastric mucus barrier
via
autokinetic movement, and facilitates the targeted delivery of CuPt nanozymes within
H. pylori
biofilms by “eating” extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). CuPt nanozymes respond to the acidic and H
2
O
2
-rich biofilm microenvironment to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release Cu ions, thereby achieving multi-target eradication of biofilms by interfering with
H. pylori
flagellar self-assembly, urease activity, outer membrane function and energy metabolism. Importantly, LP@FeTA/CuPt can be degraded by transferrin at the infection site, allowing the released CuPt nanozymes to reactivate the antibacterial immune functions of macrophage, thus eliminating biofilm-escaped bacterioplankton to prevent recurrent infections. Notably, LP@FeTA/CuPt also modulates gut microbiota homeostasis. This study provides a promising non-antibiotic therapeutic strategy for
H. pylori
infection.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
/ Biofilms
/ Chemistry and Materials Science
/ Drug resistance in microorganisms
/ Flagella
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects
/ Helicobacter Infections - drug therapy
/ Helicobacter Infections - microbiology
/ Helicobacter pylori - drug effects
/ Helicobacter pylori - physiology
/ Humans
/ Lactiplantibacillus plantarum - chemistry
/ Mice
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Mucus
/ Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
/ Urease
