Journal Article

Effector diversification within compartments of the Leptosphaeria maculans genome affected by Repeat-Induced Point mutations

May, K, Simon, A, Hane, Jk, Oliver, Richard P, Weissenbach, J, Bourras, S, Goodwin, Stephen B, Ciuffetti, Lynda M, Marc-Henri Lebrun (INRA-Bioger); Francis Martin (INRA, Interactions arbres/micro-organismes, Champenoux, France); Genoscope, Institut de Genomique, CEA, France; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-07-GPLA-051G]; ANR [ANR-06-BLAN-0399, ANR-07-GPLA-015]; Australian Grains Research and Development Corporation; NIH, National Library of Medicine; U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0717476, IOS-0924861]; 'Dothideomycete' community; INRA-SPE department; 'Leptosphaeria maculans' scientific and applied community, Couloux, A, Grandaubert, J, Kema, Gert H. J, Howlett, Barbara J, Meyer, M, Bioinformatique, phylogénie et génomique évolutive [LBBE] (BPGE) ; Département PEGASE [LBBE] (PEGASE) ; Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche

2011

Overview

Fungi are of primary ecological, biotechnological and economic importance. Many fundamental biological processes that are shared by animals and fungi are studied in fungi due to their experimental tractability. Many fungi are pathogens or mutualists and are model systems to analyse effector genes and their mechanisms of diversification. In this study, we report the genome sequence of the phytopathogenic ascomycete Leptosphaeria maculans and characterize its repertoire of protein effectors. The L. maculans genome has an unusual bipartite structure with alternating distinct guanine and cytosine-equilibrated and adenine and thymine (AT)-rich blocks of homogenous nucleotide composition. The AT-rich blocks comprise one-third of the genome and contain effector genes and families of transposable elements, both of which are affected by repeat-induced point mutation, a fungal-specific genome defence mechanism. This genomic environment for effectors promotes rapid sequence diversification and underpins the evolutionary potential of the fungus to adapt rapidly to novel host-derived constraints.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group,CCSD,Nature Publishing Group UK
• Subject: 631/114/739 / 631/208/737 / 631/326/193/2484 / 631/326/193/2542 / adenine / Ascomycota - genetics / Ascomycota - pathogenicity / avirulence / Base Composition - genetics / Base Sequence / Biotechnology / brassica-napus / Computational Biology / cytosine / defense mechanisms / DNA Transposable Elements - genetics / Economic importance / fungal / Fungi / gene-transfer / Genes / Genetic Variation / Genome, Fungal - genetics / Genomes / guanine / Humanities and Social Sciences / Infections / Life Sciences / Microbiology and Parasitology / molecular evolution / Molecular Sequence Annotation / Molecular Sequence Data / multidisciplinary / Mutation / Mycology / oilseed rape / pathogen effectors / Pathogens / Phylogeny / plant / plant pathogenic fungi / Plant pathology / Plenodomus lingam / point mutation / Point Mutation - genetics / proteins / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Sequence Analysis, DNA / stem canker / thymine / Transcription Factors - genetics / transposable elements / transposons
• ISBN: 0002882259000